Under the Hood

About This Column

In this column, we take research from around the world and explain it in plain English. No academic language, no heavy jargon — just clear explanations of what studies are saying and why they matter in everyday life. The goal is to make research easier to understand and more useful, so readers can take in the information without needing a science background.

Sensory Processing and FASD

Sensory processing describes how the brain receives, organizes, and responds to information from the senses. This includes sight, sound, touch, smell, and taste, as well as balance, body movement, and internal sensations such as hunger, pain, or fatigue.

For many people with Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorder (FASD), sensory processing works differently. Individuals and families often describe heightened sensitivity to sounds, textures, lights, or busy environments, or a need for specific sensory input to feel calm or focused. These differences can affect everyday activities such as getting dressed, eating, spending time in public spaces, attending school or work, managing emotions, and coping with stress.

Research shows that sensory processing differences are common in children with prenatal alcohol exposure, with some studies reporting significant sensory challenges. However, there is limited research on sensory processing in adolescents and adults with FASD, leaving gaps in understanding how these differences change over time.

Sensory processing differences are also linked to attention, learning, sleep, behaviour, and emotional regulation. Loud or crowded environments may feel overwhelming, while predictable routines, quieter spaces, or sensory tools can help some individuals feel more regulated and able to participate.

The issue paper notes that sensory processing is not always considered during assessment or support planning. When sensory needs are identified, supports can be better tailored through environmental adjustments, school or workplace accommodations, access to calm or sensory-friendly spaces, or simple changes to routines.

Overall, the paper highlights sensory processing as an important — and often overlooked — part of understanding FASD, and emphasizes that greater awareness can support more effective planning and support across the lifespan.

Source:

Sensory Processing and Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorder, Canada FASD Research Network (CanFASD)

https://canfasd.ca/wp-content/uploads/publications/Sensory-Processing-and-FASD-Issue-Paper-FINAL.pdf